Signed

Chinese President Xi Jinping concluded his state visit to the United States on Friday. As he departed Washington, senior U.S. government officials saw him off at the airport, where a 21-gun salute was fired. The ceremonial farewell drew attention as a sign of the significance both governments placed on the visit and the state of bilateral relations.

Russian President Vladimir Putin has signed a decree immediately increasing the size of the Russian armed forces to 2,441,630 personnel, of whom 1,550,500 are military. The decree replaces all previous staffing decrees and marks the seventh expansion of the army's authorised strength since the start of the war in Ukraine.

The BBC's Steve Rosenberg reports that Russia is facing growing economic difficulties, but the Kremlin shows no sign of scaling back its war in Ukraine. High spending on the military continues to strain the economy, yet the conflict drags on, raising questions about how long Moscow can sustain both the war and domestic stability.

President Putin has signed off on an expansion of Russia's armed forces, adding 15,500 active personnel and raising the total to 1.55 million troops. The move signals Moscow's continued effort to grow its military despite heavy losses in the war against Ukraine. The increase, announced via a decree, is being widely covered as a sign that the Kremlin is preparing for a prolonged conflict.

Donald Trump is warning supporters of a 'final battle' at the same time as reports that his own staff have grown pessimistic about his election chances. The combative language, paired with signs of internal doubt, is drawing wide attention as the election race intensifies and commentators weigh whether the rhetoric reflects campaign strategy or recognition that his position is weakening.

Oil prices declined as hopes grew for renewed diplomatic engagement between the United States and Iran. Markets responded to expectations that eased tensions could reduce the risk of supply disruptions from a major oil-producing region. Traders often move prices on signals of de-escalation between Washington and Tehran, whose disputes have repeatedly affected global energy markets.

Donald Trump said the United States will win its war with Iran 'very soon', according to Reuters. The remark comes amid escalating tensions between the two countries, and observers are watching closely for signs of how the conflict might develop and whether any resolution is imminent.

Bloomberg reports that Chinese officials are studying new policies aimed at boosting the country's economy and stabilizing the struggling housing market. The move signals renewed policy attention to the property sector, which has weighed on growth amid weak home sales and developer debt problems. Markets are watching for concrete measures such as financing support or demand-side incentives.

European Central Bank President Christine Lagarde said eurozone inflation is expected to rise in the coming months, but stressed there are no signs yet of it becoming entrenched. The remarks matter for markets and households watching whether the ECB will keep or ease its policy stance, since entrenched inflation would likely force tighter policy for longer.

Spain's government representative in Ceuta resigned after months of scrutiny over the city's handling of the migration crisis. Ceuta, one of the EU's only two land borders with Africa, bordering Morocco, saw a massive surge in late July when more than 72,000 migrants crossed into the Spanish enclave. The resignation adds pressure on Madrid over its migration and border policy.

The United States has signed a nuclear cooperation agreement with Saudi Arabia that could permit the kingdom to enrich its own uranium, dropping the so-called 'gold standard' restrictions Washington demanded from the UAE in 2009. Lawmakers from both parties are voicing concern that the weaker safeguards could fuel proliferation pressures in an already volatile region.

Doha is mediating renewed talks between the United States and Iran, which are set to continue on Monday and Tuesday. The negotiations, hosted by Qatar, focus on easing tensions between Washington and Tehran. Their continuation signals ongoing diplomatic engagement, and observers are watching closely for signs of progress on outstanding disputes between the two countries.

The leaders of the United States, Denmark and Greenland have signed a new security agreement covering Greenland, according to a breaking announcement. The deal would touch on the Arctic island's defence arrangements, an issue of renewed attention given Washington's strategic interest in Greenland and Denmark's sovereignty over the autonomous territory.

Russian President Vladimir Putin has signed a decree expanding the size of the Russian armed forces for the fourth time in 2025, according to Euronews. The move comes as Russia's war in Ukraine continues to generate heavy troop losses, forcing the Kremlin to repeatedly raise recruitment targets. It underscores the mounting strain the conflict is placing on Russia's manpower and military planning.

Australia's central bank, the Reserve Bank of Australia, has raised its cash rate to its highest level in 15 years, according to Reuters. The move means higher borrowing costs for Australian households and businesses, and signals the bank is still working to bring inflation back to target despite signs of economic slowing. Markets and economists will be watching for hints on whether further tightening is ahead.

Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi met with Qatari mediators to discuss the stalled nuclear negotiations. The meeting comes as a US official said no deal will be reached unless nuclear issues are addressed, while Tehran continues to wait for a response. Qatar has often served as an intermediary between Washington and Tehran, and the talks are being closely watched for signs of a diplomatic opening.

The United States and Iran are set to hold separate talks with mediators on Monday or Tuesday, according to an official. The indirect format suggests intermediaries will shuttle between the two sides rather than direct negotiations. The development comes amid ongoing tensions over Iran's nuclear programme and regional security, with observers watching for signs of de-escalation or progress toward renewed diplomacy.

Roughly 250 Russian soldiers have surrendered to Ukrainian forces in the northern Donbas as part of what Ukrainian military commentator Yuriy Ponomarenko calls Operation Vivaldi. If confirmed, the mass capitulation would be one of the larger POW takings of the war and a sign of mounting pressure on Russian positions in the sector. The claim is circulating widely on Russian-language channels, with debate over how the surrender unfolded and what it means for the front line.

Donald Trump has signed a security deal concerning Greenland, according to the headline making the rounds. The agreement reportedly centres on security cooperation relating to the Danish autonomous territory, which Trump has repeatedly pushed to bring under greater US influence. Details of the deal's scope and Denmark's response were not immediately available, and reaction is still forming.

Russian President Vladimir Putin has signed a decree raising the official size of the Russian armed forces to 2,441,630 personnel, according to Russian state agency TASS. The increase continues a pattern of expansion since the full-scale invasion of Ukraine and signals Moscow's intent to sustain a prolonged military campaign.

European leaders are voicing concern that the war in Ukraine could escalate into a wider conflict on the continent. The warning has drawn significant attention, with many debating whether a large-scale European war is realistic. Observers are following official statements from European capitals for signs of escalation or de-escalation.

Russia's and Germany's top diplomats have met at the United Nations in their first talks since 2022, when relations collapsed following Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine. The meeting marks the highest-level direct contact between the two governments in over two years. It signals a possible thaw, or at least a channel for crisis communication, between Moscow and a leading European Union and NATO member state.

President Donald Trump said negotiations with Iran are expected to pick back up this week, after the United States rejected a proposal put forward by Tehran. He gave no details of the rejected offer or the terms for renewed discussions. The comments come as Washington and Tehran remain at odds over Iran's nuclear programme, and officials on both sides have signalled that diplomacy has not collapsed despite the setback.

A new poll projects France's 2027 presidential election could come down to a run-off between far-right leader Marine Le Pen's camp and hard-left veteran Jean-Luc Melenchon, sidelining President Emmanuel Macron's centrist bloc. Commentators see the projection as a sign of deepening polarisation in French politics, with the mainstream centre at risk of being squeezed out of the second round entirely.

Bond investors are positioning in ways that increasingly point to concern about the economic outlook, according to Bloomberg. Signals from Treasury markets, such as moves in yields and curve shape, are being read as edging closer to levels historically associated with recession warnings. Traders and analysts are watching whether the warning becomes fully fledged.

President Donald Trump has reportedly rejected a proposal from Iran for a seven-day ceasefire, according to Al Jazeera. The report raises questions about what steps follow, with the conflict between the two countries showing no sign of de-escalation. Attention is now on whether further negotiations will take place and how Iran responds to the refusal.