scientists

New data indicates the current El Niño is the strongest ever measured, marking a major shift in global weather patterns. The development is drawing attention because a powerful El Niño typically brings droughts, floods and heat extremes to different regions worldwide, with scientists watching closely for effects on temperatures, agriculture and extreme weather in the months ahead.

A new report says global temperatures have reached record highs as the El Niño climate pattern strengthens in the Pacific. El Niño, which warms ocean surface waters and alters weather worldwide, is adding to the underlying warming trend driven by greenhouse gas emissions. Scientists warn the combination could push average temperatures to new extremes in the coming months, with implications for heatwaves, droughts and storms across many regions.

Scientists are developing new methods to control mosquitoes, the animal that kills more people than any other on Earth. As the climate warms, mosquito seasons are growing longer, giving the insects more time to spread dangerous diseases such as malaria and dengue. Reports highlight how shifting temperatures are expanding the disease threat into new regions and prompting fresh research into targeting the insects.

The Trump administration is retreating from a planned executive order that would have increased White House control over National Institutes of Health grant decisions, following widespread pushback from scientists and officials. Reporting describes the proposed order as effectively dead, with critics arguing it would have politicised federal biomedical research funding.

Scientists in Germany are preparing to copy and store vast troves of American climate data, fearing the Trump administration could alter, restrict, or remove federal climate records. The effort has been likened to building an ark, preserving scientific information outside the United States in case it becomes unavailable at home, and has drawn attention as researchers weigh risks to publicly funded datasets.

New findings indicate Mercury is contracting more quickly than previous estimates suggested. The smallest planet in the solar system has been cooling and shrinking for billions of years, causing its crust to wrinkle and crack. The updated measurements challenge existing models of how the planet's interior cools, prompting discussion among planetary scientists about what this reveals about Mercury's geological evolution.

Negotiations on the EU's pesticides reduction law have reached a deadlock after European scientists called for a pause. EU officials face pressure to suspend talks on the Food and Feed legislation, with pushback coming both from the scientific community and from countries outside the bloc. The standoff leaves the fate of the bill uncertain.

Guardian science writer Linda Geddes reports on the growing threat of wildfires in the UK, where hotter, drier summers are turning green landscapes into tinderboxes. Scientists are working to map, model and predict how fires spread so that outbreaks can be prevented or contained earlier, as Britain confronts a type of risk once seen mainly abroad.

New research from the University of Arizona analysing decades of satellite imagery finds that the world's drylands, though greening as vegetation responds to rising carbon dioxide, are increasingly locked into extreme 'boom-and-bust' cycles — rapid plant growth followed by sudden collapses. Scientists warn the pattern could destabilise ecosystems and the communities that depend on them.

PBS NewsHour reports on scientists developing new ways to control mosquito populations as rising global temperatures expand the habitats where the insects and the diseases they carry can spread. The segment examines research approaches to targeting mosquitoes as warming climate conditions push the public health threat into previously unaffected regions.

Researchers report identifying a molecular switch activated by stress that appears to drive depression. The finding points to a specific biological mechanism linking stress exposure to depressive symptoms, which could shape future research into targeted treatments. Details of the study and its broader significance remain limited in early coverage.

Scientists are conducting a large-scale research effort near the mouth of the Mississippi River in Louisiana, working to predict the future of the region's environment. The project, described as 'a massive effort,' focuses on understanding how the delta and surrounding coast may change, an area central to Louisiana's ongoing land-loss and restoration challenges.

Researchers have successfully generated solar power from panels placed 10 metres below the sea surface, according to a Euronews report. The experiment suggests underwater photovoltaic systems could one day complement offshore wind and floating solar farms, though questions remain about efficiency losses, maintenance costs and marine impact. The findings have drawn interest as countries look for new ways to expand renewable energy capacity.

A new study is probing whether artificial intelligence systems can experience pain or suffering, adding to a growing body of research on machine sentience and AI welfare. The findings have sparked debate among scientists and commentators about how to test subjective experience in machines and what ethical obligations, if any, would follow if AI systems could feel.

Scientists report identifying a previously unknown brain circuit that could explain why heart attacks often worsen after the initial event. The finding suggests the brain may trigger processes that compound damage to the heart in the hours and days following an attack. If confirmed, the discovery could open new avenues for treating patients after a heart attack and reducing long-term harm.

Germany is reportedly creating an archive to preserve United States climate data, described as a digital Noah's Ark. The project is understood as a safeguard against the potential loss or removal of federal climate datasets, allowing scientists to keep access to long-term environmental records regardless of what happens to US government databases.

Nasa scientists are travelling to observe a rare solar eclipse, according to BBC News. Eclipses offer researchers a brief window to study the Sun's corona and test instruments that cannot gather this data at any other time. Teams often deploy to remote viewing paths for just minutes of totality, making each event a costly, carefully planned scientific operation drawing public curiosity.

Researchers report that the amount of dust in Earth's atmosphere has declined, a reversal of the long-term trend. The shift is described as mysterious, with the causes not yet fully understood. Dust affects climate, weather patterns and air quality, so scientists are paying close attention to what is driving the change and what it could mean for warming.

Anthropic claims its Claude AI helped identify a previously unknown gene-editing enzyme, a result that could matter for biotechnology if it holds up. The company itself cautions the finding has not yet been experimentally verified or peer-reviewed, and scientists are urging independent confirmation before drawing conclusions.

A new report suggests scientists may have misinterpreted evidence dating back some two billion years, with potential implications for how Earth's early history is understood. The finding is drawing attention in science media, as re-evaluating such ancient clues could reshape assumptions about the planet's past conditions and evolution.

A spacecraft built to explore icy moons where life could exist is flying close by Earth, using the planet's gravity to adjust its course. The maneuver is part of a long journey toward the outer solar system, where scientists hope to study oceans beneath the moons' surfaces. The flyby has drawn attention as a milestone in the search for conditions suitable for life beyond our planet.

Scientists have captured a subduction zone off Vancouver Island in the process of tearing itself apart, suggesting these massive tectonic systems may die piece by piece rather than all at once. The finding offers new insight into how subduction zones end over geological time, with implications for understanding seismic hazards in the Pacific Northwest, where the Cascadia zone poses earthquake and tsunami risks.

Scientists report that the Earth's crust beneath Italy is 'unzipping,' a process they say is driving seismic activity along the Apennine mountain range. The finding offers a new explanation for the earthquakes that regularly strike the Italian peninsula and is drawing attention for its striking description of how the crust is gradually pulling apart.

Osprey numbers are falling along the US East Coast, and scientists believe they have identified the reason behind the decline. The Washington Post reports on new findings explaining why the fish-eating raptors, once a celebrated conservation success story in the region, are now struggling. The research has drawn attention from readers concerned about the health of coastal ecosystems.

A new report describes geological rifting underway beneath the Pacific Northwest, where tectonic forces are slowly pulling the Earth's crust apart. The findings are drawing widespread attention, with readers sharing and discussing the story of the region's underlying seismic activity. Scientists point to the ongoing deformation of the Cascadia region as evidence of powerful forces reshaping the ocean floor and coastline over geological timescales.

Scientists report the discovery of a so-called "fire amoeba", an organism said to survive at temperatures beyond what was thought to be life's upper limit. If confirmed, the find would force a rethink of the thermal boundaries of life on Earth, with implications for the search for life in extreme environments such as deep-sea vents and possibly other planets.